USES :

Thiamine is used for the treatment of Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome (WKS). It helps to treat and prevent thiamine deficiency symptoms. It is used for the treatment of beriberi, delirium, peripheral neuritis, and niacin deficiency. It is used for the treatment of metabolic disorders in the patients with genetic diseases such as Leigh’s disease, maple syrup urine disease, and others. It is used to prevent WKS in the patients experiencing alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It reduces the risk of cataracts. It prevents dysmenorrhea in the girls of 12-21 years old. Riboflavin is also known as vitamin B2. It is used for the treatment and prevention of riboflavin deficiency. It is used to reduce the risk of cataracts. It reduces the levels of homocysteine and prevents hyperhomocycteinemia. It reduces the number of migraine attacks. It helps to reduce muscle cramps. It is prescribed to treat congenital methemoglobinemia and red blood cells aplasia. Nicotinamide is a form of vitamin B3 which is used in the treatment of deficiency of the vitamin B3, called as pellagra. Vitamin B5 also known as pantothenic acid, it is used for the prevention and treatment of vitamin B5 deficiency disorders. It is used to prevent the skin reactions in the patients undergoing radiation therapy. It is used for the treatment of testicular torsion, diabetic ulceration, wound healing, and diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy. It helps to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood and is used for the treatment of obesity and prevention of atherosclerosis. Pyridoxine is used for the prevention and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency disorders. It is used to treat sideroblastic anemia, reduce homocysteine levels in the body and reduces the risk of heart diseases. It is used to treat premenstrual syndrome and morning sickness in women. It is also used to prevent seizures, convulsions in the epileptic patients. Vitamin B12 is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. It is also used in the treatment of pernicious anemia. Vitamin B12 deficiency is seen in patients with fish tapeworm infestation, malignancy of pancreas or bowel and folic acid deficiency.

How does the drug work?

Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin. It is also known as vitamin B1. It has antioxidant action and reduces the production of free radicals. It reduces oxidative stress and prevents brain damage. It has erythropoietic action and helps in the formation of new red blood cells. It acts as a cognition and mood-modulator, anti-atherosclerotic, and putative ergogenic. It plays a major role in intracellular glucose metabolism and inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell, thereby reduces the risk of atherosclerosis. It plays a role in the metabolism of carbohydrates. Riboflavin is also known as vitamin B2. Riboflavin is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. It is easily absorbed in the stomach and plays a major role in maintaining good health in the human. It enhances the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. It plays an important role in the formation of red blood cells, production of antibodies and regulating the activity of thyroid gland. Riboflavin is essential for proper development and functioning of the skin. It acts as antioxidant and helps to maintain integrity of the skin, nails and hair. It also protects the lining of the digestive tract, blood cells and many other parts of the body. Nicotinamide acts as a substitute for the vitamin B3 deficiency in the human body. Vitamin B5 plays a role in the synthesis and metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. It is also essential for the synthesis of coenzyme A which is required for the signal transduction. Vitamin B5 reduces the cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood and reduces the risk of atherosclerosis. Vitamin B5 increases the levels of glutathione and prevents the cell damage. It also plays a role in the processing of vitamin B5 in the body. Pyridoxine is also known as vitamin B6. It consists of pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and their phosphorylated derivatives. These compounds are closely related and are collectively called as vitamin B6. Vitamin B6 acts as a coenzyme in various biochemical reactions such as metabolism of amino acids, glycogen, and synthesis of nucleic acids, hemoglobin, sphingomyelin, and sphingolipids. It also takes part in the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the cell growth, cell reproduction, hematopoiesis, and myelin synthesis (in the nerves). It works in conjugation with folic acid and enhances the synthesis of DNA. Vitamin B12 maintains the function of bone marrow and enhances the production of red blood cells. It is also required for the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein. Deficiency of vitamin B12 can decrease the metabolism of folic acid and can lead to folic acid deficiency.

What are the common side effect?

The common side effects reported for vitamin B1 are coughing, difficulty in swallowing, hives, itching of skin, swelling of face, lips, and eyelids, wheezing of difficulty in breathing. The common side effects reported for riboflavin are increased urine frequency, diarrhea, and yellowish-orange discolouration of urine. The common side effects with nicotinamide are nausea, stomach upset, and diarrhea. The common side effects of are nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headache. Some common side effects reported by the users are nausea, stomach pain, loss of appetite, headache, drowsiness, numbness and tingling sensation in the limbs, numbness around the mouth, lethargy, tiredness, impaired balance, loss or reduces sensation to touch, temperature, and vision. The common side effects of methylcobalamine are stomach pain, bleeding from the gums or nose, bluish discoloration of the lips and fingernails, chest pain, cough, decreased urine output, difficulty in breathing, eye pain, fatigue, and increased heartbeat.

Important Information for use

• People with bone marrow depression should not use Zepcar CR medicine.

• Avoid the Zepcar CR drug if an allergic reaction was seen with an earlier use of carbamazepine.

• Do not take any other antidepressant drugs along with Carbafen tablet. If a MAO-inhibitor drug was used in the past 14 days, then do not take Zepcar CR.

• Call the doctor immediately in the case of skin rash, unusual weakness, bleeding and fever. This is because of the chances of Carbafen side effects such as life-threatening skin rash.

• Continue the Zepcar CR medication for the full length prescribed by the doctor.

• Pregnant women should not start or stop using Zepcar CR unless instructed by the doctor.

• Don’t get exposed to sunlight due to the risk of sunburn with Zepcar CR.

• Do not take grapefruit juice while using Zepcar CR.

FAQs :Vitamin B1

1. Is it safe to take vitamin B1during pregnancy? Yes, vitamin B1is safe during pregnancy. Consult your physician for safe use.

2. What are the dietary sources of vitamin B1? Cereals, beans, nuts, yeast, and meat are some of the dietary sources of vitamin B

1.

3. Can I take any other medications along with vitamin B1supplements? You must discuss with your doctor before taking any other medications

4. How should I take vitamin B1supplements? You should take vitamin B1supplements every day after meals. Follow the instructions given by your physician or the manufacturer for safe use.

5. Do vitamin B1 supplements reduce the painful menstruation? Yes, vitamin B1supplements for 90 days reduces painful menstruation. Consult the doctor before taking the medication. Vitamin B2

1. Can I take riboflavin to prevent dryness of skin and ageing? Yes. Riboflavin has antioxidant action and improves the skin integrity. Consult your physician to know the risk dose and for safe use.

2. What is the daily requirement of riboflavin to prevent deficiency disease? A daily intake of

1.6 mg for an adult male and

1.2 mg for an adult female will help to prevent deficiency diseases. Pregnant women need

1.5 mg and lactating women need

1.8 mg of riboflavin daily.

3. Can patients with lactose intolerance take riboflavin supplements Yes, patients with intolerance need to take riboflavin supplements as they cannot absorb enough vitamin B from the dietary sources. Consult your physician for safe use.

4. Can I take any other medications along with riboflavin supplements? You must discuss with your doctor before taking any other medications

5. How should I take riboflavin supplements? You should take riboflavin supplements every day after meals. Follow the instructions given by your physician or the manufacturer for safe use. Vitamin B3

1. Can pregnant women take nicotinamide? Pregnant women should take the nicotinamide medicine with a doctor’s advice.

2. Can I take blood-thinning agents with nicotinamide? Before taking any other drugs with nicotinamide, ask your doctor for confirmation on the safe use of the drugs together.

3. What are the food sources of vitamin B? The food sources of vitamin B include fish, meat, fortified cereals, whole grain bread, and poultry.

4. What if I miss a dose of nicotinamide? In case of a missed dose, take it as soon as your remember. If it is nearly time for next dose, then skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at its usual time.

5. How to store nicotinamide medicine? Store exactly as per the instructions provided on the package insert. Discard the medicine after its expiry date. Vitamin B5

1. Is vitamin B5 available in the food substances? Yes. Whole grains, cereals, legumes, eggs, meat, royal jelly, avocado and yogurt contain high amount of vitamin B

5.

2. Does vitamin B5 helps to improve the hair growth? Yes, vitamin B5 is useful for hair growth and healthy skin.

3. Can I take vitamin B5 supplement for weight loss? Vitamin B5 reduces cholesterol levels and causes weight loss. Consult your physician for safe use.

4. How should I store vitamin B5 supplements? Vitamin B5 supplements should be stores at room temperature (25oC) away from direct sunlight and moisture.

5. Is vitamin B5 safe for pregnant and lactating women? Yes. Vitamin B5 is safe for pregnant and lactating women. However, consult your doctor before taking the medication. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

1. Does vitamin B6 help to treat carpal tunnel syndrome? Yes, vitamin B6 helps to treat carpal tunnel syndrome. Consult your physician for safe use.

2. What is the daily requirement of vitamin B6 to prevent deficiency disease? A daily intake of

2.2 mg will help to prevent deficiency diseases. Pregnant women need

2.6 mg and lactating women need

2.5 mg of pyridoxine daily.

3. What are the dietary sources of vitamin B6? Fish, liver, and citrus fruits are some of the dietary sources of vitamin B

6.

4. Can I take any other medications along with vitamin B6 supplements? You must discuss with your doctor before taking any other medications.

5. How should I take vitamin B6 supplements? You should take vitamin B6 supplements every day after meals. Follow the instructions given by your physician or the manufacturer for safe use. Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamine)

1. What dietary restrictions should I follow while taking vitamin B12 supplements? You should avoid drinking alcohol while taking vitamin B12 supplements.

2. Is it safe to give vitamin B12 supplements for children? Yes, vitamin B12 supplements are safe for children. They are prescribed for the treatment of pernicious anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency in the infants and children.

3. Can I take vitamin B12 supplements during pregnancy? Yes, you can take vitamin B12 supplements during pregnancy as it promotes the growth of red blood cells in the mother and fetus.

4. Should I undergo any test while taking vitamin B12 supplements? Vitamin B12 supplements may decrease potassium levels in patients with severe vitamin B12 deficiency.

5. Can I take any other medications along with vitamin B12 supplements? You must discuss with your doctor before taking any other medications.